#include <alloca.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
-
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "gfxapi.h"
+#include "vkutil.h"
/* global variables */
extern GLFWwindow *win;
extern int win_w;
extern int win_h;
-/* static variables */
-static std::vector<std::string> enabled_extension_names;
-static VkInstance inst;
-static VkDevice device;
-static VkPhysicalDevice pdev;
-static VkSurfaceKHR surface;
-static uint32_t device_mem_idx;
-static uint32_t num_queues;
-static uint32_t qfamily_idx;
-
-static const char *print_vulkan_error(VkResult error);
-static const char *dev_type_str(VkPhysicalDeviceType type);
-static const char *heap_flags_str(VkMemoryHeapFlags flags);
-static const char *memtype_flags_str(VkMemoryPropertyFlags flags);
-static const char *queue_flags_str(VkQueueFlags flags);
-
-/* static fumctions */
-static bool create_instance();
-static bool create_device();
+/* static functions */
+static void error_callback(int error, const char *descr);
+static void reshape(int width, int height);
bool init_vulkan()
{
return false;
}
- if(!create_instance()) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Failed to enable validation.\n");
+ glfwSetErrorCallback(error_callback);
+
+ if(!vku_create_device()) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize vulkan.\n");
return false;
}
- if(!glfwGetPhysicalDevicePresentationSupport(inst, pdev, qfamily_idx)) {
+ if(!glfwGetPhysicalDevicePresentationSupport(vkinst, vkpdev, vkqfamily)) {
fprintf(stderr, "Presentation support not found.\n");
return false;
}
return false;
}
- if(VkResult err = glfwCreateWindowSurface(inst, win, 0, &surface)) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create KHR surface: %s\n", print_vulkan_error(err));
+ if(VkResult err = glfwCreateWindowSurface(vkinst, win, 0, &vksurface)) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create KHR surface: %s\n", vku_get_vulkan_error_str(err));
return false;
}
+ gfx_reshape = reshape;
+
return true;
}
{
//TODOs according to the book:
// 1- make sure all threads have been terminated (when I add threads)
- // 2- destroy objects in *reverse* order
-
- vkDestroySurfaceKHR(inst, surface, 0);
-
- if(vkDeviceWaitIdle(device) == VK_SUCCESS) {
- vkDestroyDevice(device, 0);
- vkDestroyInstance(inst, 0);
- }
-}
-
-static bool create_instance()
-{
- /* enable layers */
- uint32_t layer_count = 0;
- std::vector<const char *> enabled_layers;
-
- if(vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&layer_count, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Failed to query layer properties.\n");
- return false;
- }
-
- if(layer_count > 0) {
- VkLayerProperties *layers = (VkLayerProperties *)alloca(layer_count * sizeof *layers);
- vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&layer_count, layers);
- for(uint32_t i=0; i<layer_count; i++) {
- if(strcmp(layers[i].layerName, "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_standard_validation")) {
- enabled_layers.push_back(layers[i].layerName);
- }
- }
- }
-
- /* enable extensions */
- uint32_t extensions_count = 0;
- std::vector<const char *> enabled_extensions;
-
- if(vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(0, &extensions_count, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Failed to enumerate instance extension properties\n");
- return false;
- }
-
- if(extensions_count > 0) {
- VkExtensionProperties *extensions = (VkExtensionProperties *)alloca(extensions_count * sizeof *extensions);
- vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(0, &extensions_count, extensions);
-
- for(uint32_t i=0; i<extensions_count; i++) {
- printf("Extension %u: %s %u.\n", i, extensions[i].extensionName, extensions[i].specVersion);
- //enable all the available extensions
- enabled_extensions.push_back(extensions[i].extensionName);
- enabled_extension_names.push_back(std::string(extensions[i].extensionName));
- }
- }
-
- /* create instance */
- VkInstanceCreateInfo create_info;
- memset(&create_info, 0, sizeof create_info);
- create_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO;
-
- if(!enabled_layers.empty()) {
- create_info.enabledLayerCount = enabled_layers.size();
- create_info.ppEnabledLayerNames = enabled_layers.data();
- }
-
- if(!enabled_extensions.empty()) {
- create_info.enabledExtensionCount = enabled_extensions.size();
- create_info.ppEnabledExtensionNames = enabled_extensions.data();
- }
-
- if(vkCreateInstance(&create_info, 0, &inst) != VK_SUCCESS) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create instance.\n");
- return false;
- }
-
- if(!create_device())
- return false;
-
- return true;
-}
-
-static bool create_device()
-{
- int qfam_idx = -1;
- int pdev_idx = -1;
- uint32_t dev_count;
- if(vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(inst, &dev_count, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Failed to enumerate physical devices.\n");
- return false;
- }
- printf("%u devices found.\n", (unsigned int)dev_count);
-
- VkPhysicalDevice *phys_dev = (VkPhysicalDevice *)alloca(dev_count * sizeof *phys_dev);
- vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(inst, &dev_count, phys_dev);
- VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memprop;
-
- for(uint32_t i=0; i<dev_count; i++) {
- VkPhysicalDeviceProperties dev_props;
- vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(phys_dev[i], &dev_props);
-
- //memory heaps:
- vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(phys_dev[i], &memprop);
- printf("\tNumber of heaps: %u\n", memprop.memoryHeapCount);
- for(uint32_t j=0; j<memprop.memoryHeapCount; j++) {
- printf("\t\tHeap %u size: %lu\n", j, (unsigned long)memprop.memoryHeaps[j].size);
- printf("\t\tHeap %u flags: %s\n", j, heap_flags_str(memprop.memoryHeaps[j].flags));
- }
- //memory types
- printf("\tMemory types: %u\n", memprop.memoryTypeCount);
- for(uint32_t j=0; j<memprop.memoryTypeCount; j++) {
- printf("\t\tType %u heap index: %u\n", j, memprop.memoryTypes[j].heapIndex);
- printf("\t\tType %u flags: %s\n", j, memtype_flags_str(memprop.memoryTypes[j].propertyFlags));
- }
-
- //supported features
- VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures features;
- vkGetPhysicalDeviceFeatures(phys_dev[i], &features);
-
- //queue families
- uint32_t qfam_count;
- vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(phys_dev[i], &qfam_count, 0);
- printf("\tQueue Families: %u\n", qfam_count);
- VkQueueFamilyProperties *qfam_props = new VkQueueFamilyProperties[qfam_count];
- vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(phys_dev[i], &qfam_count, qfam_props);
- for(uint32_t j=0; j<qfam_count; j++) {
- printf("\t\tFamily %u flags: %s\n", j, queue_flags_str(qfam_props[j].queueFlags));
- printf("\t\tFamily %u number of queues: %u\n", j, qfam_props[j].queueCount);
-
- if((qfam_props[j].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT) && (pdev_idx == -1)) {
- pdev_idx = i;
- qfam_idx = j;
- num_queues = qfam_props[j].queueCount;
- }
- }
- delete [] qfam_props;
- }
-
- if(pdev_idx == -1) {
- fprintf(stderr, "No suitable devices found.\n");
- return false;
- }
-
- pdev = *(phys_dev + pdev_idx);
- qfamily_idx = qfam_idx;
-
- /* uint32_t layer_count;
- if(vkEnumerateDeviceLayerProperties(pdev, &layer_count, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Failed to enumerate device layers.\n");
- return false;
- }
- if(layer_count > 0) {
- VkLayerProperties *layers = (VkLayerProperties*)alloca(layer_count * sizeof *layers);
- vkEnumerateDeviceLayerProperties(pdev, &layer_count, layers);
- printf("%u layers found.\n", layer_count);
- for(uint32_t i=0; i<layer_count; i++) {
- printf("Layer %u: %s (%u, %u)\n", i, layers[i].layerName,
- layers[i].specVersion, layers[i].implementationVersion);
- printf("\tDesc: %s\n", layers[i].description);
- }
- }
- */
- VkDeviceCreateInfo dev_info;
- memset(&dev_info, 0, sizeof dev_info);
- dev_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO;
-
- VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo dev_qinfo;
- memset(&dev_qinfo, 0, sizeof dev_qinfo);
- dev_qinfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO;
- dev_qinfo.queueFamilyIndex = qfam_idx;
- dev_qinfo.queueCount = 1;
-
- dev_info.queueCreateInfoCount = 1;
- dev_info.pQueueCreateInfos = &dev_qinfo;
-
- if(vkCreateDevice(pdev, &dev_info, 0, &device) != VK_SUCCESS) {
- fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create logical device.\n");
- return false;
- }
-
- vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(pdev, &memprop);
- for(uint32_t j=0; j<memprop.memoryTypeCount; j++) {
- if(memprop.memoryTypes[j].propertyFlags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) {
- device_mem_idx = j;
- printf("Selected device memory index: %u\n", device_mem_idx);
- break;
- }
- }
-
- return true;
-}
-
-static const char *print_vulkan_error(VkResult error)
-{
- std::string errmsg;
- switch(error) {
- case VK_SUCCESS:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_SUCCESS");
- break;
- case VK_NOT_READY:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_NOT_READY");
- break;
- case VK_TIMEOUT:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_TIMEOUT");
- break;
- case VK_EVENT_SET:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_EVENT_SET");
- break;
- case VK_EVENT_RESET:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_EVENT_RESET");
- break;
- case VK_INCOMPLETE:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_EVENT");
- break;
- case VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY");
- break;
- case VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DEVICE_MEMORY:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DEVICE_MEMORY");
- break;
- case VK_ERROR_INITIALIZATION_FAILED:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_INITIALIZATION_FAILED");
- break;
- case VK_ERROR_DEVICE_LOST:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_DEVICE_LOST");
- break;
- case VK_ERROR_MEMORY_MAP_FAILED:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_MEMORY_MAP_FAILED");
- break;
- case VK_ERROR_LAYER_NOT_PRESENT:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_LAYER_NOT_PRESENT");
- break;
- case VK_ERROR_EXTENSION_NOT_PRESENT:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_EXTENSION_NOT_PRESENT");
- break;
- case VK_ERROR_FEATURE_NOT_PRESENT:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_FEATURE_NOT_PRESENT");
- break;
- case VK_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE_DRIVER:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE_DRIVER");
- break;
- case VK_ERROR_TOO_MANY_OBJECTS:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_TOO_MANY_OBJECTS");
- break;
- case VK_ERROR_FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED");
- break;
- case VK_ERROR_FRAGMENTED_POOL:
- errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_FRAGMENTED_POOL");
- break;
- default:
- errmsg = std::string("UNKNOWN");
- break;
- }
+ // 2- destroy objects in *reverse* order
+ vkDestroySurfaceKHR(vkinst, vksurface, 0);
- return errmsg.c_str();
+ vku_cleanup();
}
-static const char *dev_type_str(VkPhysicalDeviceType type)
+static void error_callback(int error, const char *description)
{
- switch(type) {
- case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_OTHER:
- return "other";
- case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_INTEGRATED_GPU:
- return "integrated GPU";
- case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_DISCRETE_GPU:
- return "discrete GPU";
- case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_VIRTUAL_GPU:
- return "virtual GPU";
- case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_CPU:
- return "CPU";
- default:
- break;
- }
- return "unknown";
+ fprintf(stderr, "GLFW error %d: %s.\n", error, description);
}
-static const char *heap_flags_str(VkMemoryHeapFlags flags)
+static void reshape(int width, int height)
{
- static std::string str;
- str.clear();
- if(flags & VK_MEMORY_HEAP_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) {
- str += "device-local ";
+ VkSwapchainKHR sc;
+ if(!(sc = vku_create_swapchain(vksurface, width, height, 2, VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR,
+ vkswapchain))) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create %dx%d double-buffered swapchain\n", width, height);
+ return;
}
- if(!str.empty())
- str.pop_back();
- return str.c_str();
-}
+ vkswapchain = sc;
-static const char *memtype_flags_str(VkMemoryPropertyFlags flags)
-{
- static std::string str;
- str.clear();
- if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) {
- str += "device-local ";
- }
- if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT) {
- str += "host-visible ";
- }
- if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT) {
- str += "host-coherent ";
- }
- if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT) {
- str += "host-cached ";
- }
- if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_LAZILY_ALLOCATED_BIT) {
- str += "lazily-allocated ";
- }
- if(!str.empty())
- str.pop_back();
- return str.c_str();
-}
-
-static const char *queue_flags_str(VkQueueFlags flags)
-{
- static std::string str;
- str.clear();
- if(flags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT)
- str += "graphics ";
- if(flags & VK_QUEUE_COMPUTE_BIT)
- str += "compute ";
- if(flags & VK_QUEUE_TRANSFER_BIT)
- str += "transfer ";
- if(flags & VK_QUEUE_SPARSE_BINDING_BIT)
- str += "sparse-binding ";
- if(!str.empty())
- str.pop_back();
- return str.c_str();
+ free(vkswapchain_images);
+ vkswapchain_images = vku_get_swapchain_images(sc, 0);
+ vknext_swapchain_image = vku_get_next_image(vkswapchain);
}
\ No newline at end of file
--- /dev/null
+#include <vulkan/vulkan.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "vkutil.h"
+
+/* global variables */
+
+VkSwapchainKHR vkswapchain;
+VkImage *vkswapchain_images;
+int vknext_swapchain_image;
+VkSurfaceKHR vksurface;
+VkInstance vkinst;
+VkPhysicalDevice vkpdev;
+VkDevice vkdev;
+VkQueue vkq;
+VkCommandPool vkcmdpool;
+VkCommandBuffer vkcmdbuf; /* primary command buffer */
+int vkqfamily;
+
+/* static functions */
+static const char *get_device_name_str(VkPhysicalDeviceType type);
+static const char *get_memtype_flags_str(VkMemoryPropertyFlags flags);
+static const char *get_queue_flags_str(VkQueueFlags flags);
+static const char *get_mem_size_str(long sz);
+static int ver_major(uint32_t ver);
+static int ver_minor(uint32_t ver);
+static int ver_patch(uint32_t ver);
+
+/* static variables */
+static VkPhysicalDevice *phys_devices;
+
+static int sel_dev;
+static int sel_qfamily;
+
+static VkExtensionProperties *vkext, *vkdevext;
+static uint32_t vkext_count, vkdevext_count;
+
+bool vku_have_extension(const char *name)
+{
+ if(!vkext) {
+ vkext_count = 0;
+ vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(0, &vkext_count, 0);
+ if(vkext_count) {
+ if(!(vkext = (VkExtensionProperties *)malloc(vkext_count * sizeof *vkext))) {
+ perror("failed to allocate instance extension list");
+ return false;
+ }
+ vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(0, &vkext_count, vkext);
+
+ printf("instance extensions:\n");
+ for(int i=0; i<(int)vkext_count; i++) {
+ printf(" %s (ver: %u)\n", vkext[i].extensionName, (unsigned int)vkext[i].specVersion);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ for(int i=0; i<(int)vkext_count; i++) {
+ if(strcmp(vkext[i].extensionName, name) == 0) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+bool vku_have_device_extension(const char *name)
+{
+ if(sel_dev < 0) return false;
+
+ if(!vkdevext) {
+ vkdevext_count = 0;
+ vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(phys_devices[sel_dev], 0, &vkdevext_count, 0);
+ if(vkdevext_count) {
+ if(!(vkdevext = (VkExtensionProperties *)malloc(vkdevext_count * sizeof *vkdevext))) {
+ perror("failed to allocate device extension list");
+ return false;
+ }
+ vkEnumerateDeviceExtensionProperties(phys_devices[sel_dev], 0, &vkdevext_count, vkdevext);
+
+ printf("selected device extensions:\n");
+ for(int i=0; i<(int)vkdevext_count; i++) {
+ printf(" %s (ver: %u)\n", vkdevext[i].extensionName, (unsigned int)vkdevext[i].specVersion);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ for(int i=0; i<(int)vkdevext_count; i++) {
+ if(strcmp(vkdevext[i].extensionName, name) == 0) {
+ return true;
+ }
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
+bool vku_create_device()
+{
+ VkInstanceCreateInfo inst_info;
+ VkDeviceCreateInfo dev_info;
+ VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo queue_info;
+ VkCommandPoolCreateInfo cmdpool_info;
+ uint32_t num_devices;
+ float qprio = 0.0f;
+
+ static const char *ext_names[] = {
+ "VK_KHR_xcb_surface",
+ "VK_KHR_surface"
+ };
+
+ static const char *devext_names[] = {
+ "VK_KHR_swapchain"
+ };
+
+ sel_dev = -1;
+ sel_qfamily = -1;
+
+ for(unsigned int i=0; i<sizeof ext_names / sizeof *ext_names; i++) {
+ if(!vku_have_extension(ext_names[i])) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "required extension (%s) not found\n", ext_names[i]);
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+ memset(&inst_info, 0, sizeof inst_info);
+ inst_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO;
+ inst_info.ppEnabledExtensionNames = ext_names;
+ inst_info.enabledExtensionCount = sizeof ext_names / sizeof *ext_names;
+
+ if(vkCreateInstance(&inst_info, 0, &vkinst) != 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "failed to create vulkan instance\n");
+ return false;
+ }
+ printf("created vulkan instance\n");
+ if(vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(vkinst, &num_devices, 0) != 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "failed to enumerate vulkan physical devices\n");
+ return false;
+ }
+ phys_devices = (VkPhysicalDevice *)malloc(num_devices * sizeof *phys_devices);
+ if(vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(vkinst, &num_devices, phys_devices) != 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "failed to enumerate vulkan physical devices\n");
+ return false;
+ }
+ printf("found %u physical device(s)\n", (unsigned int)num_devices);
+
+ for(int i=0; i<(int)num_devices; i++) {
+ VkPhysicalDeviceProperties dev_prop;
+ VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties mem_prop;
+ VkQueueFamilyProperties *qprop;
+ uint32_t qprop_count;
+
+ vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(phys_devices[i], &dev_prop);
+
+ printf("Device %d: %s\n", i, dev_prop.deviceName);
+ printf(" type: %s\n", get_device_name_str(dev_prop.deviceType));
+ printf(" API version: %d.%d.%d\n", ver_major(dev_prop.apiVersion), ver_minor(dev_prop.apiVersion),
+ ver_patch(dev_prop.apiVersion));
+ printf(" driver version: %d.%d.%d\n", ver_major(dev_prop.driverVersion), ver_minor(dev_prop.driverVersion),
+ ver_patch(dev_prop.driverVersion));
+ printf(" vendor id: %x device id: %x\n", dev_prop.vendorID, dev_prop.deviceID);
+
+
+ vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(phys_devices[i], &mem_prop);
+ printf(" %d memory heaps:\n", mem_prop.memoryHeapCount);
+ for(unsigned int j=0; j<mem_prop.memoryHeapCount; j++) {
+ VkMemoryHeap heap = mem_prop.memoryHeaps[j];
+ printf(" Heap %d - size: %s, flags: %s\n", j, get_mem_size_str(heap.size),
+ heap.flags & VK_MEMORY_HEAP_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT ? "device-local" : "-");
+ }
+ printf(" %d memory types:\n", mem_prop.memoryTypeCount);
+ for(unsigned int j=0; j<mem_prop.memoryTypeCount; j++) {
+ VkMemoryType type = mem_prop.memoryTypes[j];
+ printf(" Type %d - heap: %d, flags: %s\n", j, type.heapIndex,
+ get_memtype_flags_str(type.propertyFlags));
+ }
+
+ vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(phys_devices[i], &qprop_count, 0);
+ if(qprop_count <= 0) {
+ continue;
+ }
+ qprop = (VkQueueFamilyProperties *)malloc(qprop_count * sizeof *qprop);
+ vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(phys_devices[i], &qprop_count, qprop);
+
+ for(unsigned int j=0; j<qprop_count; j++) {
+ printf(" Queue family %d:\n", j);
+ printf(" flags: %s\n", get_queue_flags_str(qprop[j].queueFlags));
+ printf(" num queues: %u\n", qprop[j].queueCount);
+
+ if(qprop[j].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT) {
+ sel_dev = i;
+ sel_qfamily = j;
+ }
+ }
+ free(qprop);
+ }
+
+ if(sel_dev < 0 || sel_qfamily < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "failed to find any device with a graphics-capable command queue\n");
+ vkDestroyDevice(vkdev, 0);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ for(unsigned int i=0; i<sizeof devext_names / sizeof *devext_names; i++) {
+ if(!vku_have_device_extension(devext_names[i])) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "required extension (%s) not found on the selected device (%d)\n",
+ ext_names[i], sel_dev);
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
+ /* create device & command queue */
+ memset(&queue_info, 0, sizeof queue_info);
+ queue_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO;
+ queue_info.queueFamilyIndex = sel_qfamily;
+ queue_info.queueCount = 1;
+ queue_info.pQueuePriorities = &qprio;
+
+ memset(&dev_info, 0, sizeof dev_info);
+ dev_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO;
+ dev_info.queueCreateInfoCount = 1;
+ dev_info.pQueueCreateInfos = &queue_info;
+ dev_info.enabledExtensionCount = sizeof devext_names / sizeof *devext_names;
+ dev_info.ppEnabledExtensionNames = devext_names;
+
+ if(vkCreateDevice(phys_devices[sel_dev], &dev_info, 0, &vkdev) != 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "failed to create device %d\n", sel_dev);
+ return false;
+ }
+ printf("created device %d\n", sel_dev);
+
+ vkpdev = phys_devices[sel_dev];
+ vkqfamily = sel_qfamily;
+
+ vkGetDeviceQueue(vkdev, sel_qfamily, 0, &vkq);
+
+ /* create command buffer pool */
+ memset(&cmdpool_info, 0, sizeof cmdpool_info);
+ cmdpool_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_INFO;
+ cmdpool_info.flags = VK_COMMAND_POOL_CREATE_RESET_COMMAND_BUFFER_BIT;
+ cmdpool_info.queueFamilyIndex = sel_qfamily;
+
+ if(vkCreateCommandPool(vkdev, &cmdpool_info, 0, &vkcmdpool) != 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "failed to get command quque!\n");
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if(!(vkcmdbuf = vku_alloc_cmdbuf(vkcmdpool, VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY))) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "failed to create primary command buffer\n");
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+void vku_cleanup()
+{
+ if(vkinst) {
+ vkDeviceWaitIdle(vkdev);
+ vkDestroyCommandPool(vkdev, vkcmdpool, 0);
+ vkDestroyDevice(vkdev, 0);
+ vkDestroyInstance(vkinst, 0);
+ vkinst = 0;
+ }
+
+ free(phys_devices);
+ phys_devices = 0;
+}
+
+VkCommandBuffer vku_alloc_cmdbuf(VkCommandPool pool, VkCommandBufferLevel level)
+{
+ VkCommandBuffer cmdbuf;
+ VkCommandBufferAllocateInfo inf;
+
+ memset(&inf, 0, sizeof inf);
+ inf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_ALLOCATE_INFO;
+ inf.commandPool = pool;
+ inf.level = level;
+ inf.commandBufferCount = 1;
+
+ if(vkAllocateCommandBuffers(vkdev, &inf, &cmdbuf) != 0) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+ return cmdbuf;
+}
+
+void vku_free_cmdbuf(VkCommandPool pool, VkCommandBuffer buf)
+{
+ vkFreeCommandBuffers(vkdev, pool, 1, &buf);
+}
+
+void vku_begin_cmdbuf(VkCommandBuffer buf, unsigned int flags)
+{
+ VkCommandBufferBeginInfo inf;
+
+ memset(&inf, 0, sizeof inf);
+ inf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO;
+ inf.flags = flags;
+
+ vkBeginCommandBuffer(buf, &inf);
+}
+
+
+void vku_end_cmdbuf(VkCommandBuffer buf)
+{
+ vkEndCommandBuffer(buf);
+}
+
+void vku_reset_cmdbuf(VkCommandBuffer buf)
+{
+ vkResetCommandBuffer(buf, 0);
+}
+
+void vku_submit_cmdbuf(VkQueue q, VkCommandBuffer buf, VkFence done_fence)
+{
+ VkSubmitInfo info;
+
+ memset(&info, 0, sizeof info);
+ info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO;
+ info.commandBufferCount = 1;
+ info.pCommandBuffers = &buf;
+
+ vkQueueSubmit(q, 1, &info, done_fence);
+}
+
+VkSwapchainKHR vku_create_swapchain(VkSurfaceKHR surf, int xsz, int ysz, int n,
+ VkPresentModeKHR pmode, VkSwapchainKHR prev)
+{
+ VkSwapchainKHR sc;
+ VkSwapchainCreateInfoKHR inf;
+
+ memset(&inf, 0, sizeof inf);
+ inf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_CREATE_INFO_KHR;
+ inf.surface = surf;
+ inf.minImageCount = n;
+ inf.imageFormat = VK_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM; /* TODO enumerate and choose */
+ inf.imageColorSpace = VK_COLORSPACE_SRGB_NONLINEAR_KHR;
+ inf.imageExtent.width = xsz;
+ inf.imageExtent.height = ysz;
+ inf.imageArrayLayers = 1;
+ inf.imageUsage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
+ inf.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE; /* XXX make this an option? */
+ inf.preTransform = VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_INHERIT_BIT_KHR;
+ inf.compositeAlpha = VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR;
+ inf.presentMode = pmode;
+ inf.oldSwapchain = prev;
+
+ if(vkCreateSwapchainKHR(vkdev, &inf, 0, &sc) != 0) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+ return sc;
+}
+
+VkImage *vku_get_swapchain_images(VkSwapchainKHR sc, int *count)
+{
+ uint32_t nimg;
+ VkImage *images;
+
+ if(vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(vkdev, sc, &nimg, 0) != 0) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+ if(!(images = (VkImage *)malloc(nimg * sizeof *images))) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+ vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(vkdev, sc, &nimg, images);
+
+ if(count) *count = (int)nimg;
+ return images;
+}
+
+int vku_get_next_image(VkSwapchainKHR sc)
+{
+ uint32_t next;
+
+ if(vkAcquireNextImageKHR(vkdev, sc, UINT64_MAX, 0, 0, &next) != 0) {
+ return -1;
+ }
+ return (int)next;
+}
+
+void vku_present(VkSwapchainKHR sc, int img_idx)
+{
+ VkPresentInfoKHR inf;
+ VkResult res;
+ uint32_t index = img_idx;
+
+ memset(&inf, 0, sizeof inf);
+ inf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PRESENT_INFO_KHR;
+ inf.swapchainCount = 1;
+ inf.pSwapchains = ≻
+ inf.pImageIndices = &index;
+ inf.pResults = &res;
+
+ vkQueuePresentKHR(vkq, &inf);
+}
+
+struct vku_buffer *vku_create_buffer(int sz, unsigned int usage)
+{
+ struct vku_buffer *buf;
+ VkBufferCreateInfo binfo;
+
+ if(!(buf = (vku_buffer *)malloc(sizeof *buf))) {
+ perror("failed to allocate vk_buffer structure");
+ return 0;
+ }
+
+ memset(&binfo, 0, sizeof binfo);
+ binfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_BUFFER_CREATE_INFO;
+ binfo.size = sz;
+ binfo.usage = usage;
+ binfo.sharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
+
+ if(vkCreateBuffer(vkdev, &binfo, 0, &buf->buf) != 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "failed to create %d byte buffer (usage: %x)\n", sz, usage);
+ return 0;
+ }
+ // TODO back with memory
+ return buf;
+}
+
+void vku_destroy_buffer(struct vku_buffer *buf)
+{
+ if(buf) {
+ vkDestroyBuffer(vkdev, buf->buf, 0);
+ free(buf);
+ }
+}
+
+void vku_cmd_copybuf(VkCommandBuffer cmdbuf, VkBuffer dest, int doffs,
+ VkBuffer src, int soffs, int size)
+{
+ VkBufferCopy copy;
+ copy.size = size;
+ copy.srcOffset = soffs;
+ copy.dstOffset = doffs;
+
+ vkCmdCopyBuffer(cmdbuf, src, dest, 1, ©);
+}
+
+/* paste
+
+static bool create_instance()
+{
+ uint32_t layer_count = 0;
+ std::vector<const char *> enabled_layers;
+
+ if(vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&layer_count, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Failed to query layer properties.\n");
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if(layer_count > 0) {
+ VkLayerProperties *layers = (VkLayerProperties *)alloca(layer_count * sizeof *layers);
+ vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&layer_count, layers);
+ for(uint32_t i=0; i<layer_count; i++) {
+ if(strcmp(layers[i].layerName, "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_standard_validation")) {
+ enabled_layers.push_back(layers[i].layerName);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+
+ uint32_t extensions_count = 0;
+ std::vector<const char *> enabled_extensions;
+
+ if(vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(0, &extensions_count, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Failed to enumerate instance extension properties\n");
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if(extensions_count > 0) {
+ VkExtensionProperties *extensions = (VkExtensionProperties *)alloca(extensions_count * sizeof *extensions);
+ vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(0, &extensions_count, extensions);
+
+ for(uint32_t i=0; i<extensions_count; i++) {
+ printf("Extension %u: %s %u.\n", i, extensions[i].extensionName, extensions[i].specVersion);
+ //enable all the available extensions
+ enabled_extensions.push_back(extensions[i].extensionName);
+ enabled_extension_names.push_back(std::string(extensions[i].extensionName));
+ }
+ }
+
+ VkInstanceCreateInfo create_info;
+ memset(&create_info, 0, sizeof create_info);
+ create_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO;
+
+ if(!enabled_layers.empty()) {
+ create_info.enabledLayerCount = enabled_layers.size();
+ create_info.ppEnabledLayerNames = enabled_layers.data();
+ }
+
+ if(!enabled_extensions.empty()) {
+ create_info.enabledExtensionCount = enabled_extensions.size();
+ create_info.ppEnabledExtensionNames = enabled_extensions.data();
+ }
+
+ if(vkCreateInstance(&create_info, 0, &inst) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create instance.\n");
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ if(!create_device())
+ return false;
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+static bool create_device()
+{
+ int qfam_idx = -1;
+ int pdev_idx = -1;
+
+ uint32_t dev_count;
+ if(vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(inst, &dev_count, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Failed to enumerate physical devices.\n");
+ return false;
+ }
+ printf("%u devices found.\n", (unsigned int)dev_count);
+
+ VkPhysicalDevice *phys_dev = (VkPhysicalDevice *)alloca(dev_count * sizeof *phys_dev);
+ vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(inst, &dev_count, phys_dev);
+ VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memprop;
+
+ for(uint32_t i=0; i<dev_count; i++) {
+ VkPhysicalDeviceProperties dev_props;
+ vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(phys_dev[i], &dev_props);
+
+ //memory heaps:
+ vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(phys_dev[i], &memprop);
+ printf("\tNumber of heaps: %u\n", memprop.memoryHeapCount);
+ for(uint32_t j=0; j<memprop.memoryHeapCount; j++) {
+ printf("\t\tHeap %u size: %lu\n", j, (unsigned long)memprop.memoryHeaps[j].size);
+ printf("\t\tHeap %u flags: %s\n", j, heap_flags_str(memprop.memoryHeaps[j].flags));
+ }
+ //memory types
+ printf("\tMemory types: %u\n", memprop.memoryTypeCount);
+ for(uint32_t j=0; j<memprop.memoryTypeCount; j++) {
+ printf("\t\tType %u heap index: %u\n", j, memprop.memoryTypes[j].heapIndex);
+ printf("\t\tType %u flags: %s\n", j, memtype_flags_str(memprop.memoryTypes[j].propertyFlags));
+ }
+
+ //supported features
+ VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures features;
+ vkGetPhysicalDeviceFeatures(phys_dev[i], &features);
+
+ //queue families
+ uint32_t qfam_count;
+ vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(phys_dev[i], &qfam_count, 0);
+ printf("\tQueue Families: %u\n", qfam_count);
+ VkQueueFamilyProperties *qfam_props = new VkQueueFamilyProperties[qfam_count];
+ vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(phys_dev[i], &qfam_count, qfam_props);
+ for(uint32_t j=0; j<qfam_count; j++) {
+ printf("\t\tFamily %u flags: %s\n", j, queue_flags_str(qfam_props[j].queueFlags));
+ printf("\t\tFamily %u number of queues: %u\n", j, qfam_props[j].queueCount);
+
+ if((qfam_props[j].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT) && (pdev_idx == -1)) {
+ pdev_idx = i;
+ qfam_idx = j;
+ num_queues = qfam_props[j].queueCount;
+ }
+ }
+ delete [] qfam_props;
+ }
+
+ if(pdev_idx == -1) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "No suitable devices found.\n");
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ pdev = *(phys_dev + pdev_idx);
+ qfamily_idx = qfam_idx;
+
+ uint32_t layer_count;
+ if(vkEnumerateDeviceLayerProperties(pdev, &layer_count, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Failed to enumerate device layers.\n");
+ return false;
+ }
+ if(layer_count > 0) {
+ VkLayerProperties *layers = (VkLayerProperties*)alloca(layer_count * sizeof *layers);
+ vkEnumerateDeviceLayerProperties(pdev, &layer_count, layers);
+ printf("%u layers found.\n", layer_count);
+ for(uint32_t i=0; i<layer_count; i++) {
+ printf("Layer %u: %s (%u, %u)\n", i, layers[i].layerName,
+ layers[i].specVersion, layers[i].implementationVersion);
+ printf("\tDesc: %s\n", layers[i].description);
+ }
+ }
+
+ VkDeviceCreateInfo dev_info;
+ memset(&dev_info, 0, sizeof dev_info);
+ dev_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO;
+
+ VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo dev_qinfo;
+ memset(&dev_qinfo, 0, sizeof dev_qinfo);
+ dev_qinfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO;
+ dev_qinfo.queueFamilyIndex = qfam_idx;
+ dev_qinfo.queueCount = 1;
+
+ dev_info.queueCreateInfoCount = 1;
+ dev_info.pQueueCreateInfos = &dev_qinfo;
+
+ if(vkCreateDevice(pdev, &dev_info, 0, &device) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create logical device.\n");
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(pdev, &memprop);
+ for(uint32_t j=0; j<memprop.memoryTypeCount; j++) {
+ if(memprop.memoryTypes[j].propertyFlags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) {
+ device_mem_idx = j;
+ printf("Selected device memory index: %u\n", device_mem_idx);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ return true;
+}
+
+static const char *dev_type_str(VkPhysicalDeviceType type)
+{
+ switch(type) {
+ case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_OTHER:
+ return "other";
+ case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_INTEGRATED_GPU:
+ return "integrated GPU";
+ case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_DISCRETE_GPU:
+ return "discrete GPU";
+ case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_VIRTUAL_GPU:
+ return "virtual GPU";
+ case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_CPU:
+ return "CPU";
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ return "unknown";
+}
+
+static const char *heap_flags_str(VkMemoryHeapFlags flags)
+{
+ static std::string str;
+ str.clear();
+ if(flags & VK_MEMORY_HEAP_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) {
+ str += "device-local ";
+ }
+ if(!str.empty())
+ str.pop_back();
+ return str.c_str();
+}
+
+static const char *memtype_flags_str(VkMemoryPropertyFlags flags)
+{
+ static std::string str;
+ str.clear();
+ if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) {
+ str += "device-local ";
+ }
+ if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT) {
+ str += "host-visible ";
+ }
+ if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT) {
+ str += "host-coherent ";
+ }
+ if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT) {
+ str += "host-cached ";
+ }
+ if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_LAZILY_ALLOCATED_BIT) {
+ str += "lazily-allocated ";
+ }
+ if(!str.empty())
+ str.pop_back();
+ return str.c_str();
+}
+
+static const char *queue_flags_str(VkQueueFlags flags)
+{
+ static std::string str;
+ str.clear();
+ if(flags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT)
+ str += "graphics ";
+ if(flags & VK_QUEUE_COMPUTE_BIT)
+ str += "compute ";
+ if(flags & VK_QUEUE_TRANSFER_BIT)
+ str += "transfer ";
+ if(flags & VK_QUEUE_SPARSE_BINDING_BIT)
+ str += "sparse-binding ";
+ if(!str.empty())
+ str.pop_back();
+ return str.c_str();
+}
+*/
+
+const char *vku_get_vulkan_error_str(VkResult error)
+{
+ std::string errmsg;
+ switch(error) {
+ case VK_SUCCESS:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_SUCCESS");
+ break;
+ case VK_NOT_READY:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_NOT_READY");
+ break;
+ case VK_TIMEOUT:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_TIMEOUT");
+ break;
+ case VK_EVENT_SET:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_EVENT_SET");
+ break;
+ case VK_EVENT_RESET:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_EVENT_RESET");
+ break;
+ case VK_INCOMPLETE:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_EVENT");
+ break;
+ case VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY");
+ break;
+ case VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DEVICE_MEMORY:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DEVICE_MEMORY");
+ break;
+ case VK_ERROR_INITIALIZATION_FAILED:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_INITIALIZATION_FAILED");
+ break;
+ case VK_ERROR_DEVICE_LOST:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_DEVICE_LOST");
+ break;
+ case VK_ERROR_MEMORY_MAP_FAILED:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_MEMORY_MAP_FAILED");
+ break;
+ case VK_ERROR_LAYER_NOT_PRESENT:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_LAYER_NOT_PRESENT");
+ break;
+ case VK_ERROR_EXTENSION_NOT_PRESENT:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_EXTENSION_NOT_PRESENT");
+ break;
+ case VK_ERROR_FEATURE_NOT_PRESENT:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_FEATURE_NOT_PRESENT");
+ break;
+ case VK_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE_DRIVER:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE_DRIVER");
+ break;
+ case VK_ERROR_TOO_MANY_OBJECTS:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_TOO_MANY_OBJECTS");
+ break;
+ case VK_ERROR_FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED");
+ break;
+ case VK_ERROR_FRAGMENTED_POOL:
+ errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_FRAGMENTED_POOL");
+ break;
+ default:
+ errmsg = std::string("UNKNOWN");
+ break;
+ }
+
+ return errmsg.c_str();
+}
+
+static const char *get_device_name_str(VkPhysicalDeviceType type)
+{
+ switch(type) {
+ case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_INTEGRATED_GPU:
+ return "integrated GPU";
+ case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_DISCRETE_GPU:
+ return "discrete GPU";
+ case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_VIRTUAL_GPU:
+ return "virtual GPU";
+ case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_CPU:
+ return "CPU";
+ default:
+ break;
+ }
+ return "unknown";
+}
+
+static const char *get_memtype_flags_str(VkMemoryPropertyFlags flags)
+{
+ static char str[128];
+
+ str[0] = 0;
+ if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) {
+ strcat(str, "device-local ");
+ }
+ if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT) {
+ strcat(str, "host-visible ");
+ }
+ if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT) {
+ strcat(str, "host-coherent ");
+ }
+ if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT) {
+ strcat(str, "host-cached ");
+ }
+ if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_LAZILY_ALLOCATED_BIT) {
+ strcat(str, "lazily-allocated ");
+ }
+
+ if(!*str) {
+ strcat(str, "-");
+ }
+ return str;
+}
+
+static const char *get_queue_flags_str(VkQueueFlags flags)
+{
+ static char str[128];
+
+ str[0] = 0;
+ if(flags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT) {
+ strcat(str, "graphics ");
+ }
+ if(flags & VK_QUEUE_COMPUTE_BIT) {
+ strcat(str, "compute ");
+ }
+ if(flags & VK_QUEUE_TRANSFER_BIT) {
+ strcat(str, "transfer ");
+ }
+ if(flags & VK_QUEUE_SPARSE_BINDING_BIT) {
+ strcat(str, "sparse-binding ");
+ }
+ if(!*str) {
+ strcat(str, "-");
+ }
+ return str;
+}
+
+static int ver_major(uint32_t ver)
+{
+ return (ver >> 22) & 0x3ff;
+}
+
+static int ver_minor(uint32_t ver)
+{
+ return (ver >> 12) & 0x3ff;
+}
+
+static int ver_patch(uint32_t ver)
+{
+ return ver & 0xfff;
+}
+
+static const char *get_mem_size_str(long sz)
+{
+ static char str[64];
+ static const char *unitstr[] = { "bytes", "KB", "MB", "GB", "TB", "PB", 0 };
+ int uidx = 0;
+ sz *= 10;
+
+ while(sz >= 10240 && unitstr[uidx + 1]) {
+ sz /= 1024;
+ ++uidx;
+ }
+ sprintf(str, "%ld.%ld %s", sz / 10, sz % 10, unitstr[uidx]);
+ return str;
+}